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The Cornovii are a hypothetical tribe who would have been part of the Dumnonii,〔〕 a Celtic tribe inhabiting the South West peninsula of Great Britain, during some part of the Iron Age, Roman and post-Roman periods. The Cornovii would have lived at the western end of the peninsula, in the area now known as Cornwall, and the tribal name would be the ultimate source of the name of that present-day county.〔〔Charles Thomas. (1986). ''Celtic Britain''. Ancient Peoples & Places Series. London: Thames & Hudson〕〔Morris, John (1973) ''The Age of Arthur''〕 The existence of this sub-tribe, clan, or :sept is not mentioned in Ptolemy's 2nd century ''Geography'', as are many of the other Iron Age tribes in Britain. It has been inferred solely on the basis of a place-name listed in the Ravenna Cosmography of c.700 ce as ''purocoronavis'', which is considered to be a scribal error for ''durocornavis'' (or ''durocornovium''〔Todd (1987), p. 203.〕), interpreted as meaning "the fortress of the Cornovii".〔Webster, Graham (1991). ''The Cornovii''. Peoples of Roman Britain (revised ed.). Alan Sutton. pp. 19, 21. ISBN 0-86299-877-8.〕 ==Etymology== According to Ptolemy, there were two other tribes known as the Cornovii, one in the Midlands and one in Northern Scotland.〔Rivet & Smith (1979). pp. 324–5〕 It is on this basis that the name of this putative ancestor-tribe of Cornwall is inferred. Although the Brittonic name is clearly derived from the word '' *cornu-'', which means "horn", opinions diverge over whether or not this refers to the shape of the land.〔 Considering that Cornwall is at the end of a long tapering peninsula, many scholars have adopted this derivation for the Cornish Cornovii. For instance, Graham Webster in ''The Cornovii'' (1991), which is primarily about the Midlands tribe, states that this could apply as long as the geography was apparent, as it might have been to Roman surveyors in the first century,〔 and Victor Watts in the ''Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-names'' (2010) interprets the name '' *Cornowii'', a different spelling for latinised Cornovii, as "the people of the horn". Malcolm Todd, in ''The South West to AD 1000'' (1987), discusses other etymologies that have been put forward, such as the name being a reference to dwellers in promontory forts,〔 and an explanation hypothesised by Ann Ross in 1967 that the tribal names may be totemic cult-names referring to a "horned god" cult followed by the tribes, which Todd says may be cognate with the Gaulish Cernunnos or the unnamed horned god of the Brigantes.〔Todd (1987). p. 217.〕 In an attempt to explain the same tribal name being used in the Midlands and Cornwall, the historian John Morris put forward a theory in his work ''The Age of Arthur'' (1973) that the Cornovii from the West Midlands migrated to Cornwall in 460 AD. Morris suggested that a contingent was sent to Dumnonia to rule the land there and keep out the invading Irish seeing that a similar situation had occurred in North Wales.〔 Morris's theory is not generally accepted by modern scholarship: Philip Payton, in his book ''Cornwall: a history'' (2004), states "...the Morris thesis is not widely accepted by archaeologists and early historians, and we may safely conclude that the Cornovii located west of the Tamar were an indigenous people quite separate from their namesakes in the Midlands and Caithness."〔 The extreme western peninsula of Dumnonia came to be known as "Cerniw" in Welsh, "Kernow" in Cornish and "Kernev (Veur)" in Breton. The modern English name ''Cornwall'' arises from a suffixation of the Old English word for Brittonic-speakers, ''wealas'', to a borrowed form of the Brittonic place-name. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cornovii (Cornwall)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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